
The Biology of Orthodontics
To understand the principles of orthodontics, one needs to have a basic understanding of bone physiology.
In simplified terms, there are three types of bone cells. Mature bone cells called osteocytes make up bone tissue. Osteoclasts are specialized cells that resorb bone, and osteoblasts are specialized bone-forming cells.
Even at 75, my body is still producing new bone tissue. Our bones are not like concrete masses forming permanent adult structures. Bone tissue is constantly remodeling and renewing itself.
As a dental force is applied to a tooth for movement, osteoclasts need to resorb the bone in the path of movement and osteoblasts need to lay down new bone in the vacated space. For the palatal bones to expand in widening the upper jaw, osteoblasts need to form bone at the midline connective tissue sutures.
Embryologically, at the fourteenth day, the fascial matrix encases every new cell of the body. Thus, the fascial web controls every bone cell in the orthodontic arena.
The key for orthodontists is to apply light enough forces to the teeth and bones to get the desired aesthetic and occlusal results while still allowing for great brain motion and fascial health.
A treated child with a great brain cycle and minimal fascial strain starts orthodontic care. A Gillespie Approach provider complements the orthodontist for a great result. At completion, the teeth are ideally in a happy biological position not requiring a retainer.
Currently, many teeth are orthodontically moved into a unnatural position in a possibly restricted and distorted cranium, and a retainer is needed to hold them there. If not used, the fascial web can remember its old traumas and return the teeth to their former position.
I believe that, when the orthodontic profession incorporates the principles of the Gillespie Approach, everyone will experience better health.